James Clerk Maxwell

James Clerk Maxwell
James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879)
Ìbí	(1831-06-13)13 Oṣù Kẹfà 1831 Edinburgh, Scotland
Aláìsí	5 November 1879(1879-11-05) (ọmọ ọdún 48) Cambridge, England
Ará ìlẹ̀	United Kingdom
Ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè	Scottish[1]
Pápá	Physics and mathematics
Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́	Marischal College, Aberdeen, UK King's College London, UK University of Cambridge, UK
Ibi ẹ̀kọ́	University of Edinburgh, UK University of Cambridge, UK
Academic advisors	William Hopkins
Notable students	George Chrystal
Ó gbajúmọ̀ fún	Maxwell's equations Maxwell distribution Maxwell's demon Maxwell's discs Maxwell speed distribution Maxwell's theorem Maxwell material Generalized Maxwell model Displacement current
Àwọn ẹ̀bùn àyẹ́sí	Smith's Prize (1854) Adams Prize (1857) Rumford Medal (1860)
Religious stance	Evangelical anti-positivist
Signature

James Clerk Maxwell (13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) je onimo fisiyiki oniriro ati mathematiiki ara Skotlandi^[1]. Aseyori re to se pataki ju ni iro oninagberigberin, to sakojopo gbogbo awon akiyesi, adanwo ati awon isodogba fun itanna, isegberigberin ati optiyiki teletele ti won ko baratan si iru tobaramu.^[2] Awon akojopo isodogba re—awon isodogba Maxwell—fihan pe itanna, isegberingberin ati imole na je ifarahanjade isele kanna: papa oninagberingberin. Lati igba yi siwaju, gbogbo awon ofin ati isodogba awon eka wonyi di iru mimuyanju awon isodogba Maxwell. Ise Maxwell ninu isoninagberingberin ti je pipe ni "isodokan tolokiki keji ninu fisiyiki",^[3] leyin ekinni ti Isaac Newton se.

Maxwell fihan pe papa onina ati gberingberin n gba inu aaye koja gege bi oniriru, ati pelu isare imole ti ko yi pada. Nipari, ni odun 1864 Maxwell ko iwe "A dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field", ninu ibi ti o ti koko damoran pe ni ooto imole je irusilesoke ninu ohun kanna to n fa isele onina ati gberingberin.^[4]

Maxwell tun seda ipinka Maxwell, ona statistiki lati sapejuwe awon ese iro imurin awon efuufu. Awon iwari mejeji yi lo mu igba fisiyiki odeoni waye, o se ifilele ise ojo iwaju ninu papa bi ijebaratan pataki ati isise ero atasere.

Maxwell na lo tun da foto alawo akoko ni 1861, o si tun se ipilese idimule opo ati isopo won bi won se je mimulo ninu awon afara.

Opolopo awon onimo fisiyiki gba Maxwell pe o je onimo sayensi igba orundun 19 to ni ipa pataki julo lori fisiyiki igba orundun 20. Awon afikun re si sayensi je iru kanna bi ti awon Isaac Newton ati Albert Einstein.^[5] Ninu iwadi igboro fun egberun odun, iwadi lowo awon onimo fisiyiki pataki julo dibo fun Maxwell gege bi onimo fisiyiki eketa tolokiki julo ni gbogbo igba, leyin Newton ati Einstein nikan.^[6] Ni asiko ojoibi odun ogorun Maxwell, Einstein fun ra re juwe ise Maxwell gege bi "eyi to se gbangba julo ati to wulo julo ti fisiyiki ni iriri lati igba Newton."^[7] Einstein fi foto Maxwell si ara ogiri yara ikawe re, pelu foto Michael Faraday ati Newton.^[8]

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} ""Scottish mathematician and physicist"". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 24 February 2010. 
2. ↑ "Electromagnetism, Maxwell’s Equations, and Microwaves". IEEE Virtual Museum. 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-02. 
3. ↑ Nahin, P.J., Spectrum, IEEE, Volume 29, Issue 3, March 1992 Page(s):45–
4. ↑ Maxwell, James Clerk (1865). "A dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field" (pdf). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 155: 459–512. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/A_Dynamical_Theory_of_the_Electromagnetic_Field.pdf.  (This article accompanied a December 8, 1864 presentation by Maxwell to the Royal Society.)
5. ↑ Tolstoy, p.12
6. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/541840.stm
7. ↑ McFall, Patrick "Brainy young James wasn't so daft after all" The Sunday Post, 23 April 2006
8. ↑ "Einstein's Heroes: Imagining the World through the Language of Mathematics", by Robyn Arianrhod UQP, reviewed by Jane Gleeson-White, 10 November 2003, The Sydney Morning Herald.